CC2 Prelim Notes (Civil Engineering)
1. Soil Mechanics
- Soil types: sand, silt, clay, gravel
- Soil properties: cohesion, friction angle, permeability
- Soil classification: Unified Soil Classification System (USCS)
- Atterberg limits: Liquid Limit (LL), Plastic Limit (PL), Plasticity Index (PI)
- Compaction: Proctor test, optimum moisture content
2. Concrete Technology
- Concrete mix: cement + fine aggregate + coarse aggregate + water
- Water-cement ratio affects strength
- Workability: slump test
- Curing: 7–28 days
- Types: Normal, High-strength, Lightweight, Fiber-reinforced
3. Steel Reinforcement
- Rebar types: mild steel, high yield
- Cover protects steel from corrosion
- Bending: hooks, proper hook radius per code
- Bond: adhesion between steel and concrete
4. Structural Analysis
- Loads: dead, live, wind, seismic
- Support types: simply supported, fixed, cantilever
- Bending moment and shear force diagrams
- Deflection considerations
5. Surveying
- Methods: chain/tape, compass, theodolite
- Contour lines represent elevation
- Leveling: differential and profile leveling
- Errors: systematic, random, blunders
6. Hydraulics & Water Resources
- Flow types: laminar, turbulent
- Bernoulli’s principle
- Pipe systems: series vs parallel
- Open channel flow: Manning’s equation
7. Transportation Engineering
- Road types: arterial, collector, local
- Pavement layers: subgrade, sub-base, base, surface
- Traffic signs & signals
- Geometric design: alignment, superelevation
8. Environmental Engineering
- Water treatment: coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection
- Wastewater treatment: primary, secondary, tertiary
- Solid waste management: collection, composting, landfills
9. Construction Management
- Project stages: planning, design, procurement, construction, handover
- CPM & PERT: scheduling techniques
- Cost estimation: unit rate, bill of quantities
- Safety measures on site
